Order allow,deny Deny from all Order allow,deny Deny from all 文章 – 蓝莲花的技术小栈 https://duliang.online Fri, 15 May 2026 08:31:38 +0000 zh-Hans hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 Adobe Premiere Pro 2024 Crack only [no Virus] [x32x64] Windows 10 https://duliang.online/2026/05/15/adobe-premiere-pro-2024-crack-only-no-virus-x32x64-windows-10/ https://duliang.online/2026/05/15/adobe-premiere-pro-2024-crack-only-no-virus-x32x64-windows-10/#respond Fri, 15 May 2026 08:31:38 +0000 https://duliang.online/?p=2272 Poster
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LightLogger Keylogger Crack Windows 11 [x32-x64] Windows 11 Instant https://duliang.online/2026/05/15/lightlogger-keylogger-crack-windows-11-x32-x64-windows-11-instant/ https://duliang.online/2026/05/15/lightlogger-keylogger-crack-windows-11-x32-x64-windows-11-instant/#respond Fri, 15 May 2026 06:59:48 +0000 https://duliang.online/?p=2266 Poster
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🔍 Hash-sum: 23bff30633ffe8ce5a61af84fb440f88


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一次 “cursor: pin S wait on X” 与 “library cache lock” 连锁反应 https://duliang.online/2025/08/15/%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1-cursor-pin-s-wait-on-x-%e4%b8%8e-library-cache-lock-%e8%bf%9e%e9%94%81%e5%8f%8d%e5%ba%94/ https://duliang.online/2025/08/15/%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1-cursor-pin-s-wait-on-x-%e4%b8%8e-library-cache-lock-%e8%bf%9e%e9%94%81%e5%8f%8d%e5%ba%94/#respond Fri, 15 Aug 2025 04:24:38 +0000 https://duliang.online/?p=98
今天半夜22:25 左右,某套核心系统突然出现大量应用连接超时。登录 OEM 后,发现 ASH 里两条等待事件一路飙红: • cursor: pin S wait on X(峰值 783 个会话) • library cache lock(峰值 311 个会话)

很多 DBA 第一次遇到这种场景时,会本能地把目光聚焦在 “cursor: pin S wait on X”,因为它出现的会话最多、最显眼。但 ASH 的阻塞链(Blocking Session Tree)告诉我们:所有 pin S 会话都只是“受害者”,真正的罪魁祸首是 library cache lock。于是问题被拆成两步:

  1. library cache lock 最早是什么时候开始的?
  2. 谁又在阻塞 library cache lock?

一、时间点回溯 通过 DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY 定位第一条 library cache lock 的记录:

TIME EVENT SESSION_ID BLOCKING_SESSION


22:00:33 library cache lock 1723 1349

也就是说,故障根因从 22:00:33 就已埋下。

二、阻塞链逐级展开 SESSION 1723 • 执行的模块:DBMS_STATS(自动统计信息收集作业) • 状态:持续处于 library cache lock,并被 1349 阻塞

SESSION 1349 • 执行的模块:Auto SQL Tuning Task(SYS_AUTO_SQL_TUNING_TASK) • 当前等待:db file parallel read(在做 I/O) • 状态:未被任何其他会话阻塞,处于“链头”位置

至此,链路清晰: Auto SQL Tuning Task(1349) → library cache lock → DBMS_STATS(1723) → cursor: pin S wait on X(大量应用会话)

三、为什么 Auto SQL Tuning 会锁 Library Cache? Auto SQL Tuning 在创建/删除 SQL Profile、Index 或 SQL Patch 时,需要对相关 cursor 加排他型 Library Cache Lock(mode 3)。而 22:00 又是默认的维护窗口,两个自动任务正好撞车:

  1. Auto SQL Tuning 正在做 I/O(读历史执行信息)并持有 Library Cache Lock;
  2. 同时 Auto Stats 也要解析同一个 cursor,申请 Library Cache Lock(mode 2/3)。 由于前者持有排他锁,后者只能排队;后者排队的锁又阻塞了大批后续软解析,于是爆发连锁等待。

四、如何避免重演 Auto SQL Tuning 与 Auto Space Advisor 默认在夜间维护窗口并行跑,对 I/O、Library Cache、Latch 都有潜在冲击。对于 OLTP 核心库,常见做法是“关掉再说”:

— 关闭 Auto SQL Tuning BEGIN DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE( client_name => ‘sql tuning advisor’, operation => NULL, window_name => NULL); END; /

— 关闭 Auto Space Advisor BEGIN DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE( client_name => ‘auto space advisor’, operation => NULL, window_name => NULL); END; /

关闭后,如果仍有统计信息收集需求,可以:

  1. 手动收集:DBMS_STATS.GATHER*STATS;
  2. 或者把自动任务改到业务量更低的时段,并限制并行度(DEGREE)。

五、小结 • “cursor: pin S wait on X” 只是表象,真正的根因往往在更高层级的 Library Cache Lock。 • ASH 的 Blocking Session Tree 是定位连锁等待的最快路径。 • Oracle 的自动任务(Auto SQL Tuning、Auto Space Advisor、Auto Stats)在维护窗口内可能互相阻塞;对高并发 OLTP 系统,建议关闭或错峰。

希望这篇踩坑记录能帮到你。如果你也曾被深夜的 Library Cache Lock 折磨过,欢迎留言交流更多“救火”姿势。

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Oracle 网络层等待事件深度解析:SQL*Net message from/to client https://duliang.online/2025/08/10/oracle-%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%b1%82%e7%ad%89%e5%be%85%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9asqlnet-message-from-to-client/ https://duliang.online/2025/08/10/oracle-%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%b1%82%e7%ad%89%e5%be%85%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9asqlnet-message-from-to-client/#respond Sun, 10 Aug 2025 04:21:38 +0000 https://duliang.online/?p=96 Oracle 网络层等待事件深度解析:SQL*Net message from/to client

在生产环境中,我们经常会看到 AWR/ASH 中高居榜首的两个事件:

  • SQL*Net message from client
  • SQL*Net message to client

SQL*Net message from client:到底在等什么?

官方定义

字段说明
事件名SQL*Net message from client
本质前台进程等待客户端发送下一条指令
P1客户端网络驱动类型(Thin/OCI/JDBC/OCI over TCPS …)
P2期望接收的字节数
超时无,直到客户端真的发消息

三种典型场景

  1. 真正的 Idle 一个交互式会话,用户正在屏幕前思考下一步操作。 ➜ 无需处理,不属于“性能问题”。
  2. 批处理“伪 Idle” PL/SQL 批处理程序把逻辑写在客户端(Java/Python),每取 1 行就计算一次,导致服务端 99% 时间都在等客户端。 ➜ 把计算搬到服务端(存储过程、BULK COLLECT + FORALL),或至少一次取 fetchSize = 1000
  3. 网络往返放大 应用框架默认 autoCommit=true,每条 DML 后都有一次往返。 ➜ 设置 useLocalTransaction=true、批量提交。

如何量化

  • AWR:SQL*Net message from client平均等待时长 高,但 单次等待 低 → 批处理循环。
  • ASH:同一 sql_id 的等待分布,如果堆在 from client,说明 客户端代码 是瓶颈。

SQL*Net message to client:消息送不出去

字段说明
事件名SQL*Net message to client
本质服务端已准备好数据,但客户端或网络链路“吃不下”
P1客户端网络驱动类型
P2本次发送的字节数
超时

常见根因

  1. 客户端 GC/CPU 飙高 JVM Full GC 时,应用线程无法读取 socket,服务端只能挂起。 ➜ 监控 JVM,调 GC 或加大 SDU/TDU 减少往返。
  2. 网络抖动/带宽不足 大量 LOB/LONG RAW 导致 packet loss,TCP 重传。 ➜ 网络团队抓包;数据库侧启用 SDU=65535TDU=65535TCP.NODELAY=YES
  3. 错误 JDBC 设置 defaultRowPrefetch=10,结果集 100 万行时,服务端一次次“塞”数据。 ➜ 调大 defaultRowPrefetch(100~1000)或改用游标式流。

一条 SQL 引发的“血案”

现象

AWR 报告 SQL*Net message from client 占 DB Time 60%,单次仅 0.3 ms,次数 180 M。

定位

ASH 抽取 sql_id = 7r3m5... 对应 Java 方法 com.foo.Bar.processRow(),发现伪代码:

while (rs.next()) {
   total += rs.getBigDecimal("amount");
}

解决

在 Java 端把循环改为:

SELECT SUM(amount) INTO :1 FROM ...

一次往返搞定,事件直接消失。


行动清单(Checklist)

  • AWR/ASH 先看 平均等待时长 vs 次数
  • 若是批处理,优先 BULK COLLECT + FORALL
  • 若是交互式,确认是否真 Idle
  • 检查 JDBC 参数:defaultRowPrefetchfetchSizeautoCommit
  • 网络层:ping, traceroute, tcpdump, oradebug tracefile_name 抓 SDU/TDU
  • 客户端资源:GC 日志、CPU、内存

下次再看到这两个事件,别再一股脑把锅甩给网络——多数时候,真正的瓶颈在应用和数据库之间的 交互模式

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ST enqueue 等待:原因、定位 https://duliang.online/2025/08/05/st-enqueue-%e7%ad%89%e5%be%85%ef%bc%9a%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%e3%80%81%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d/ https://duliang.online/2025/08/05/st-enqueue-%e7%ad%89%e5%be%85%ef%bc%9a%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%e3%80%81%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d/#respond Tue, 05 Aug 2025 04:16:47 +0000 https://duliang.online/?p=94 上周,我们生产环境的 AWR 报告里突然出现了一条醒目的 Top 5 Timed Events

Event                    Waits  Time(s) Avg Wait(ms) %DB Time
------------------------ ------ ------- ------------ -------
ST enqueue               12,345 18,491 1,498       31.6

这条 ST enqueue 等待直接把数据库 CPU Idle 干到个位数,业务方反馈“DDL 偶尔卡顿、批量作业跑不动”。


T enqueue 究竟是什么?

  1. 只有一个 每个数据库实例只有 一把 ST 锁(Space Transaction Enqueue),串行化所有对数据字典中空间信息的修改。
  2. 谁来抢 只要执行会改动 UET$(Used Extents)或 FET$(Free Extents)的操作就会申请 ST 锁,典型场景包括: • DROP / TRUNCATE / MOVE 表或分区 • ALTER TABLE … COALESCE • 大批量 INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 触发动态扩展 • 临时段大量分配/回收(排序、hash join、索引创建)
  3. 症状 • AWR/ASH 中 ST enqueue 占据大量 DB Time • v$session_wait 看到 p1=1414332418(enqueue 的 ID 对应 ST) • 业务会话 event="enq: ST - contention"seconds_in_wait 累积

用下面一条 SQL 就能抓到“元凶”:

SELECT s.sid,
      s.serial#,
      s.username,
      s.sql_id,
      s.event,
      l.type,
      l.id1,
      l.id2,
      lo.object_name,
      lo.object_type
 FROM v$session s
 JOIN v$lock   l ON s.sid = l.sid
 JOIN dba_objects lo ON l.id1 = lo.object_id
WHERE l.type = 'ST';

输出示例:

 SID SERIAL# USERNAME SQL_ID        EVENT                 TYPE OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE
---- ------- -------- ------------- --------------------- ---- ----------- -----------
123 45678 DW_BATCH 9q7x8y0g9z9z0 enq: ST - contention ST   UET$       TABLE

拿到 SID 后,再去看 v$sqltextDBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR 就能定位到具体 SQL。 这次我们抓到的是一条 TRUNCATE PARTITION 语句,每小时跑一次,分区表字典管理 + 没开并行,导致 ST 锁长时间被占。


根因复盘

  1. 遗留表空间仍是 字典管理(Dictionary-Managed Tablespace, DMT)。 Oracle 9i 就支持 LMT,但老库“能跑就行”,一直没人改。
  2. 临时表空间不是 TEMPFILE 创建,而是早期 CREATE TABLESPACE … TEMPORARY 的 DMT 临时表空间。 大量排序把临时段当“公共厕所”,频繁申请/释放 ST 锁。

五、根治方案:三板斧一次性解决

步骤动作备注
1所有永久表空间改为 本地管理EXEC DBMS_SPACE_ADMIN.TABLESPACE_MIGRATE_TO_LOCAL('USERS');
2重建临时表空间为 本地管理 + TEMPFILECREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP_LMT TEMPFILE '+DATA' SIZE 20G AUTOEXTEND ON;
3业务侧规范• 大表提前 ALTER TABLE … ALLOCATE EXTENT 预分配空间 • 批量 DDL 合并窗口,避免并发

ST enqueue 99% 都是 字典管理表空间 的历史包袱。 • 一条 SQL 就能定位阻塞者,但根治必须 全库 LMT + 正确临时表空间。 • 如果你还在用 DMT,建议立刻排期整改,越晚越痛苦。


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